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Raymond Federman (May 15, 1928 – October 6, 2009) was a French–American novelist and academic, known also for poetry, essays, translations, and criticism. He held positions at the University at Buffalo from 1973 to 1999, when he was appointed Distinguished Emeritus Professor. Federman was a writer in the experimental style, one that sought to deconstruct traditional prose. This type of writing is quite prevalent in his book ''Double or Nothing'', in which the linear narrative of the story has been broken down and restructured so as to be nearly incoherent. Words are also often arranged on pages to resemble images or to suggest repetitious themes. ==Biography== Federman was born in Montrouge, France, and emigrated to the U.S. in 1947. After serving in the U.S. Army in Korea and Japan from 1951 to 1954, he studied at Columbia University under the G.I. Bill, graduating in 1957. He did his graduate studies at U.C.L.A., receiving his M.A. in 1958, and Ph.D. in Comparative Literature in 1963, with (his doctoral dissertation ) on Samuel Beckett.〔Federman's online resumé (http://www.federman.com/rfpub.htm)〕 He taught in the French Department at the University of California, Santa Barbara from 1959 to 1964, and in the French Department at The State University of New York at Buffalo from 1964 to 1973, and as a fiction writer in the English Department at the University at Buffalo from 1973 to 1999. He was promoted to the rank of Distinguished Professor in 1990, and in 1992, appointed to the Melodia E. Jones Chair of Literature, where he served until retiring in July 1999. In 2000, he was appointed as Distinguished Emeritus Professor.〔 He was a member of the Board of Directors of The Coordinating Council of Literary Magazines from 1973-1976. From 1979-1982 he was Co-Director of the Fiction Collective, a publishing house dedicated to experimental fiction and its writers, and later served on the Board of Directors of Fiction Collective Two.〔http://epc.buffalo.edu/authors/federman/bio.html〕 Federman died of cancer at the age of 81 in San Diego, California.,〔 and in May 2010, his final new English novel was released by Starcherone Press: ''SHHH: The Story of a Childhood,'' edited and with an introduction from writer Davis Schneiderman, who also made a 2007 YouTube video with Federman and author Lidia Yuknavitch, in which the three boil books in noodles. This is a reference to Federman's first novel ''Double or Nothing''. In his lifetime he read from his work in most major American Universities, and lectured in at least eighteen foreign countries.〔 His novels have been translated into over a dozen languages, and all his novels have been adapted into radio plays in Germany.〔 Several full-length books have been written about his work, including a 400-page casebook entitled ''Federman From A to X-X-X-X'' by Larry McCaffery, Thomas Hartl and Doug Rice.〔''Federman: From A to X-X-X-X — A Recyclopedic Narrative'' Eds. Larry McCaffery, Thomas Hartl, and Doug Rice). San Diego: SDSU Press, 1998. (ISBN 978-1879691537)〕 In 2010 SUNY Press published ''(Federman's Fiction's: Innovation, Theory, and the Holocaust )'',〔Di Leo, Jeffrey R. Ed. ''Federman's Fictions: Innovation, Theory, and the Holocaust''. Albany: SUNY Press, 2011. (ISBN 978-1-4384-3381-3)〕 a collection of essays edited by Jeffrey R. Di Leo intended to demonstrate the relevance of Federman's writing to disciplines beyond contemporary and experimental literature. The collection featured a preface by the esteemed American poet Charles Bernstein,〔Bernstein, Charles. "Some Answers for Raymond Federman." ''Federman’s Fictions: Innovation, Theory, and the Holocaust''. Ed. Jeffrey R. Di Leo. Albany: SUNY Press, 2011.〕 Federman's former colleague at SUNY Buffalo, as well as contributions by an international cast of scholars, writers, and critics including Jerome Klinkowitz,〔Klinkowtiz, Jerome. "Beckett and Beyond: Federman the Scholar." ''Federman’s Fictions: Innovation, Theory, and the Holocaust''. Ed. Jeffrey R. Di Leo. Albany: SUNY Press, 2011.〕 Dan Stone,〔Stone, Dan. "Surviving in the Corridors of History or, History as Double or Nothing." ''Federman’s Fictions: Innovation, Theory, and the Holocaust''. Ed. Jeffrey R. Di Leo. Albany: SUNY Press, 2011.〕 Marcel Cornis-Pope, Alyson Waters, Eric Dean Rasmussen,〔Rasmussen, Eric Dean. “The Agony of Unrecognition: Raymond Federman and Postmodern Theory.” ''Federman’s Fictions: Innovation, Theory, and the Holocaust''. Ed. Jeffrey R. Di Leo. Albany: SUNY Press, 2011. 159–90.〕 Jan Baetens, Susan Rubin Suleiman,〔“Suleiman, Susan Rubin. "When Postmodern Play Meets Survivor Testimony: Federman and Holocaust Literature." Federman’s Fictions: Innovation, Theory, and the Holocaust. Ed. Jeffrey R. Di Leo. Albany: SUNY Press, 2011.〕 Davis Schneiderman, Eckhard Gerdes and Brian McHale.〔McHale, Brian. "A Narrative Poetics of Raymond Federman." Federman’s Fictions: Innovation, Theory, and the Holocaust. Ed. Jeffrey R. Di Leo. Albany: SUNY Press, 2011.〕 His collected plays were published in Austria in a bilingual edition (English/German) under the title The Precipice & Other Catastrophes. In 2002 ''The Journal of Experimental Fiction'' devoted a 510-page issue to his work.〔Eckhard Gerdes "The Laugh that Laughs at the Laugh: Writing from and about the Pen Man, Raymond Federman." ''Journal of Experimental Fiction'' Vol. 2, 2002.3 (ISBN 978-0595214044)〕 Raymond Federman’s excerpt from ''Return to Manure'' won an &NOW award in 2009 and was published in ''The &NOW Awards: The Best Innovative Writing''. Federman also participated in the biennial &NOW festival, a festival for experimental and innovative writing. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Raymond Federman」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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